Maryna Somyk
Kamianets-Podilskiy Ivan Ohienko National University
Scientific Supervisor: Nykytiuk S.I.
THE PHENOMENON OF CYBERBULLING IN
DIFFERENT COUNTRIES
Abstract
The article deals with the phenomenon of cyberbulling as an act of social Internet violence. After all of the foregoing, one can conclude that cyberbulling is most widespread all over the world. Various means of communication, the Internet network being an integral part of the modern society of the whole and children in particular can harm them a lot. The author shows and analyses the research in cyberbulling in different countries.
Key words : cyberbulling, internet, children, violence.
About 35 years ago, we received a new English word, “bulling,” outlining the aggressive prosecution of one member of the group, and the types of harassment became more sophisticated, such as cyberbulling. But on the whole, be it in private schools or in state schools, in classes where there are 12 people or 35, we can meet this phenomenon – harassment, aggression, and cruel persecution of someone who is not similar to the others. In addition, the bulling is visibly younger. If earlier it was an attribute of high school, now everything starts at the primary level. Already in the 3-4 forms we can observe all its mark afterwards that the onset of adolescence has shifted greatly. Teenagers are 10 years old, and not 13-14, as it was before. And for teenagers, the need to belong to a group comes to the fore. They begin to brutally divide the world into “theirs” and “strangers”, try with all their might to become “their own” and unite against strangers [2].
Cyberbulling can manifest itself in a variety of ways: rumors about a person on the internet, online posts that are deameaning to a person or people, text messages to a person’s cell phone, a photograph wrongfully depicting a person, a private photograph that has ‘leaked’ or made it’s way to the internet or teasing and talking with abusive words on the street or school.
As we all know, cyberbulling is widespread throughout the world. Children suffer not only psychologically, but sometimes even physically, because in each country, city or even the district there is a level of violence, but also their level of harassment among adolescents.
One of the main countries where distributed cyberspace is the United States. The greatest number of cases of online violence is defined there. Almost every fourth teenager suffers from bullying from their peers. It is given one example of some case and consequences after that. The 16-year-old Jed Prest was compelled to become a hostage in his own house, provoking a suicidal attempt as a result of a cyber-bullying that began because of his disagreement with a group of boys at school. Multiforms of bulling included: night-time jokes, chat rumors, offensive text messages, silent terror (boycott) in school [5].
In Ireland are not the same situation.66% of the students said that they had never been bullied. 14% had been victims of traditional forms of bullying. 10% had been victims of cyberbulling, and the remaining 10% had been victims of both traditional forms of bullying and cyberbulling. Although online bullying in Ireland stands at 4% according to Arrow DIT, this lower than the European average which stands at 6%, and half that of the UK where 8% reported being cyberbullied. Traditional forms of bullying in Ireland occur more often than in Europe [3].
In mainland China, cyberbulling has yet to receive adequate scholarly attention. A study investigating the risk factors of cyberbulling sampled 1438 high school students from central China. Data showed that 34.84% had participated in bullying and 56.88% had been bullied online.
A study on cyberbulling in Hong Kong chose 48 out of 7654 students from elementary school to high school who were classified as potential aggressors related to cyberbulling. 31 out of 48 students declared they barely participated in cyber-attacks. It is common among high school students (28 out of 36 students) to participate in social media platforms. 58% admitted to changing a nickname for others, 56.3% to humiliation, 54.2% to making fun of someone, and 54.2% to spreading rumors. The Hong Kong Federation of Youth Groups interviewed 1820 teenagers, 17.5% of whom indicated having experienced cyberbulling. This included insults, abuse, and the publishing of personal private pictures on social media without permission [3].
According to recent research, in Japan, 17 percent (compared with a 25-country average of 37 percent) of youth between the ages of 8 and 17 have been victims of online bullying. The number shows that online bullying is a serious concern in Japan. Teenagers who spend more than 10 hours a week on the Internet are more likely to become the targets of online bullying. Only 28 percent of the survey participants understood what cyberbulling is. However, they do know the severity of the issue.
In Ukraine, according to various data, about 67% of children encountered bullying in peer circles. About 40% of those children who encountered boiling cases never tell their parents. At the same time, 44% of those who observed being bullied over their peers did not respond to such facts because of fear of being subjected to similar bullying. Most often, the reasons for persecution by peers are appearance, persuasion and potentially victimal behavior (the most vulnerable to the boling are shy, with exemplary behavior children, as well as children who, due to different life circumstances, are “closed in themselves”, are closed for communication) [4].
According to the opinion of many residents of different countries, even those who do not have a widespread cyberbulling, they believe that harassment of children should be punishable,
both for parents and for school administration,
since cyberbulling is a major danger because of which children
sometimes become too depressed, husbands, mentally unstable and commit suicide.
So, for the first time in Ukraine, the court upheld the verdict for the harassment of another girl. In the decision of the Boryspil city-wide court of Kyiv area, it appears that the schoolboy has been fired in the beach without the necessity of a photo of a beachfed. From the mother of the wine, who works as a cashier in the bank, 1234 UAH was collected together with the court fee. The headmaster of the school considers the court’s decision to be strict, given that the mother of this pupil receives a minimum wage. From now on, for schoolchildren, not only parents of aggressive children will be responsible for harassment at school. The director of the school will also be held liable for administrative proceedings if he conceals such cases and does not report them to the police. He will be faced with a fine of 850 to 1700 hryvnias or public works for a period up to one month minus 20 percent of earnings [1].
The phenomenon of cyberbulling is an act of social Internet violence. After all of the foregoing, one can conclude that cyberbulling is most widespread in the United States and sometimes in Ukraine and Russia, but without such lethal consequences. Concluding the article, it should be emphasized that in order to ensure the safety of adolescents, it is necessary that no cases of harassment be left out of attention.
References:
- Покарання за знущання. Eкспрес. № 8.2019. 21-28 січ.С.9
- Буллинг – stop.Лиза. № 2.2019.07-13січ. С.24
- Cyberbullying. URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyberbullying (дата звернення:17.03.2019)
- Регулювання проблеми булінгу на законодавчому рівні:
перші кроки України та світовий досвід. URL: http://nbuviap.gov.ua/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=4110:regulyuvannya-problemi-bulingu-na-zakonodavchomu-rivni-pershi-kroki-ukrajini-ta-svitovij-dosvid&catid=8&Itemid=350 (дата звернення: 13.03.2019) - Кібер-булінг або агресія в інтернеті. URL: http://surowatka.tk/kiber-buling-abo-agresiya-v-interneti (дата звернення: 14.03.2019)